火试金化验分析术语表

退火：分离后的黄金加热，将其颜色从黑色变为金色。

珠子：在吹制过程结束时获得的金和银颗粒。

硼砂：一种酸性助焊剂。

坩埚： 样品和助熔剂在其中熔化的骨灰容器。

灰皿：一个浅杯，在cupellation过程中铅按钮被氧化。

灰皿灰吹- 烧掉铅按钮的过程。

羽毛：杯形边缘的氧化铅晶体。表示cupellation按其应有的方式工作。

助焊剂 ：与有助于融合过程的样品混合的试剂。

铜杯冻结：固体氧化铅或其他固体覆盖在铜杯中的熔融铅表面的情况。

熔样：在坩埚中加热装料以引起反应并产生熔融液体的过程。

溶银析金法- 添加银以确保珠子会分开。

铅扣：金属铅在熔化过程中产生并在模具中变成固体。

石灰：一种基本的助熔剂。

氧化铅：种基本助熔剂，也是火灾分析中使用的铅源。

微量天平：一种非常灵敏的称量珠子的天平，一般采用万分之一天平。

模具 —一个钢材质锥形容器，将熔化的材料倒入其中。一般五孔钢模

熔样炉：在其中进行熔样吹。可采用SGM FAF25-12火试金熔样炉

灰吹炉：在其中进行灰皿灰吹。可采用SGM CF50-12火试金灰吹炉

杯形开口：在氧化铅表面熔化时开始杯形化。

矿石：一种来自地球的天然材料，需要进行分析。

氧化剂：一种矿石或一种试剂，在聚变过程中为反应提供氧气。

分离：通过溶解银来分离金和银的方法。

分离酸：硝酸、盐酸和硫酸。

分离杯：器，用于对黄金进行分离、冲洗和退火，一般需要配合分金篮使用。

还原剂：一种矿石或试剂，在熔融过程中接受氧气，有助于形成金属铅。

还原力：熔融过程中还原的铅与添加的还原剂重量的比率。

铅析焦化：样品与铅和硼砂在浅盘中的氧化融合。

熔渣：非金属样品成分和熔剂的熔融混合物，通常含有硅酸盐。

纯碱：碳酸钠，是一种碱性助焊剂。

Glossary of Fire Assay Terms

• Annealing – the heating of gold after parting to change its colour from black to gold.
• Bead – Particle of gold and silver that is obtained at the end of the cupellation process.
• Borax – An acid flux.
• Crucible – A bone ash vessel in which the sample and fluxes are melted.
• Cupel – A shallow cup which the lead button is oxidized during cupellation.
• Cupellation – Process of burning off the lead button.
• Feathers – crystals of lead oxide on the edge of the cupel. Indicates that the cupellation worked as it should.
• Flux – reagent mixed with a sample that aids in the fusion process.
• Freezing of the cupel – A condition in which solid lead oxide or other solids cover the surface of the molten lead in a cupel.
• Fusion – Process of heating a charge in a crucible to cause reactions and produce a molten liquid.
• Inquartation – The addition of silver to ensure that the bead will part.
• Lead button – Metallic lead produced during a fusion and becomes solid in the mould.
• Lime – A basic flux.
• Litharge – Lead oxide, a basic flux and a source of lead used in fire assay.
• Microbalance – A very sensitive balance that weighs beads.
• Mould – An iron cone shaped vessel, which fused materials are poured into.
• Muffle – A chamber in a furnace in which fusion and cupellation are carried out.
• Opening of the cupel – At the beginning of cupellation when the surface of the lead oxide melts.
• Ore – A natural material that came from the earth, that is to be assayed.
• Oxidizing agent – An ore or a reagent that supplies oxygen for reactions during the fusion.
• Parting – Method of separating gold and silver by dissolving the silver.
• Parting acid – Nitric, Hydrochloric and Sulphuric acids.
• Parting cup – A porcelain vessel which parting, rinsing and annealing of the gold takes place.
• Reducing agent – An ore or reagent that accepts oxygen during the fusion which helps in the formation of the metallic lead.
• Reducing Power – The ratio of lead reduced during the fusion to the weight of the reducing agent added.
• Scorification – An oxidizing fusion of a sample with lead and borax in a shallow dish.
• Slag – A fused mixture of non-metallic sample ingredients and fluxes, usually contains silicates.
• Soda ash – Sodium carbonate, which is a basic flux.